Yani_Shyfa: Maret 2012

I. CONTENTS

A. Definition

A positive sentence tells you about something that exists or something that is happening.

Negative sentences tell you that something does not exist or is not happening.

Negative sentence divided to two parts:

Sentences with `not'
Negative words (Not, nobody, neither, never, no one, nor, no, nothing none)

You do not normally use two negative words in the same clause.

Example: She never goes abroad.

He has given no reason for his decision.

Nobody in her house knows any English.

Interrogative sentence is a type of sentence which usually asks a question and use question mark (?). They may ask for information or for confirmation or denial of a statement.

B. Formula for 16 Tenses

Here the formula of positive, negative, and interrogative sentence for each

tenses:

1. The Simple Present Tense

a. Verbal sentence

Positive		Interrogative			Negative
He She It	works	Does	he she it	work?	He She it	does not (doesn't)	work.
I You We They	work	Do	I you we they	work?	I You We They	do not (don't)	work.

Positive		Interrogative			Negative
He is She is It is	there	is	he she it	there?	He She it	is not (isn't)	there
I am You are We are They are	there	am are	I you we they	there?	I You We They	am not are not	there

2. The Present Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative
I am	I'm	Working	Am	I	working?
He She is It	He's She's It's		Is	he she it
We You are They	We're You're They're		Are	we you they

Negative with not			Negative with n’t
I am	I'm	not working	I		working?
He She is It	He's She's It's		he she it	isn’t
We You are — They	We're You're They're		we you they	aren’t

3. The Simple Past Tense

a. Positive: regular verbs

Regular verbs have the same form for all persons (I, you, he, she, etc.):

Subject	Infinitive + ed
I He She It We You They	Stayed

b. positive - irregular verbs

Irregular verbs have the same form for all persons (I, you, he, she, etc)

Irregular verbs are irregular in the past simple in the positive only (not in the

negative or question form):

go — went She went home yesterday,

sit — sat I sat down,

write -- wrote She wrote for hours.

Subject	Simple past
I He She It We You They	went

The past simple question form is the same for all persons (I, you, he, she,

etc.) and all verbs:

*Did*	Subject	Infinitive
Did	I he she it we you they	leave? go? stay?

• The past simple negative form is the same for all persons and all verbs:

Subject	*Did not*	Infinitive
I he she it we you they	did not didn't	leave go stay

4. The Past Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I He She It	was	working	was	I he she it	working?	I He She it	was not (wasn't)	working
You We They	were	working	were	you we they	working?	You We They	were not (weren't)	working

5. The Present Perfect Tense

has/have + past participle

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They	Have (‘ve)	finished	Have	he she it	finished	I You We They	Have not (haven't)	Finished
He She It	Has (‘s)	finished	Has	I you we they	finished	He She It	Has not (hasn't)	Finished

6. The Present Perfect Continuous

has/have + been + verb-ing

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They	Have (‘ve)	been waiting	Have	he she it	been waiting?	I You We They	Have not (haven't)	been waiting?
He She It	Has (‘s)		Has	I you we they		He She It	Has not (hasn't)

7. The Past Perfect Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They	had	worked	Had	I You We They	worked	I You We They	Had not (hadn’t)	worked
He She It				He She It		He She It

8. The Past Perfect Continuous

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They	Had	been waiting	Had	he she it	been waiting?	I You We They	Had not (hadn't)	been waiting
He She It				I you we they		He She It

9. The Present Future Tense

a. going to

going to is often used to indicate a future plan that has been made before the time of speaking.

I'm going to see Pat tomorrow - we arranged it this morning.

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I	am (‘m)	going to pay	am (‘m)	I	going to pay?	I	am (‘m)	going to pay
You We They	are		are	You We They		You We They	are
He She It	is (‘s)		is (‘s)	He She It		He She It	is (‘s)

b. will

Will is often used to indicate a sudden decision, made at the time of speaking:

How can we get to the airport? I know! I'll borrow Sue's car!

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	will	stay	Will/shall	I We	stay	I You We They He She It	will not (won’t)	stay
			will	They You He She It

10. Present Future Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	will	be living	Will/shall	I We	be living?	I You We They He She It	will not (won’t)	be living
			will	They You He She It

11. The Past Future Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	would	go	Would/ should	I We	go	I You We They He She It	would not (wouldn’t)	go
			would	They You He She It

12. The Past Future Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	would	be living	Would/ should	I We	be living?	I You We They He She It	would not (wouldn’t)	be living
			would	They You He She It

13. The Present Future Perfect Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	will	have eaten	Will/ Shall	I We	have eaten?	I You We They He She It	will not (won’t)	have eaten
			Will	They You He She It

14. The Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	will	have been studying	Will/ Shall	I We	have been studying	I You We They He She It	will not (won’t)	have been studying
			will	They You He She It

15. The Past Future Perfect Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	would	have eaten	Will/ shall	I We	have eaten?	I You We They He She It	would not (won’t)	have eaten
			will	They You He She It

16. The Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Positive			Interrogative			Negative
I You We They He She It	would	have been eating	Would/ should	I We	have been eating?	I You We They He She It	would not (won’t)	have been eating
			would	They You He She It

II. CONCLUSION

Sentence can be divided to positive sentence, negative sentence and interrogative sentence. A positive sentence tells you about something that exists or that is happening. Negative sentences tell you that something does not exist or is not happening. Negative sentence divided to two parts:

Sentences with `not'

2. Negative words

Sentence with ‘not’ used in 16 tenses, that are the simple present tense, the present continuous tense, the simple past tense, the past continuous tense, the present perfect tense, the present perfect continuous tense, the past perfect tense, the past perfect continuous tense, the present future tense, the present future continuous tense, the past future tense, the past future continuous tense, the present future perfect tense, the present future perfect continuous tense, the past future perfect tense, and the past future perfect continuous tense. Negative words contains Not, nobody, neither, never, no one, nor, no, nothing none

Interrogative sentence is a type of sentence which usually asks a question and use question mark (?). They may ask for information or for confirmation or denial of a statement.

III. EXERCISES

A. Rewrite each sentence as a positive or negative sentence, or a question, according to the instructions!

Example: I visit my parents very often. (negative)

Answer: / don't visit my parents very often.

1. Does he come from Germany? (positive)